Unit 10 拜访客人的表达

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文末福利：视频脚本

『 视频知识点 』

1. have a go

【句型模板】have a go
【句型出处】Thought I’d have a go before I went home.
【语义表述】‘Have a go’可以表示去尝试做某事，to try; attempt, 你也可以说‘have a little go’或‘give it a go’
【句型操练】Everyone should have a go at learning English because it is important.
每个人都该尝试学习英语因为它很重要。

He is nervous because he is playing the didgeridoo for the first time but he says he’ll have a little go.
他很紧张因为这是他第一次演奏迪吉里杜管但他说他要尝试做一次。

A: I don’t know how to write this English essay.
B: Don’t worry too much, just give it a go!
A：我不知道如何写英文论文。
B：别担心，就尝试一下！

【句型拓展】‘Have a go’还有一个意思，用于 to criticize someone strongly.
比如，I’m not having a go at you, don’t be so sensitive.

2. Can I look in afterwards?

【句型模板】look in
【语义表述】If you look in on a person or place, you visit them for a short time, usually when you are on your way somewhere else.
【句型操练】I looked in on Louisa. She was sleeping.
【句型拓展】look in表示拜访，这个词组和我们下面要讲的词组意思十分接近，我们一起来看看，拜访的表达方式还有哪些。

3. pay a visit…

【句型模板】pay (someone or something) a visit = pay a visit to sb.
【语义表述】To visit someone or something.
【句型操练】We need to pay Grandma a visit and see how her trip to Florida was.
【句型拓展】表“拜访 的短语还有:
call on sb.拜访某人 eg. I'll call on him tomorrow.
call at sp. 拜访参观某地eg. We called at Li's house yesterday.
顺便来访 drop in on sb. eg. I thought I'd drop in on you while I was passing.

在本剧集中，还出现了拜访的一种说法，我们一起来看一看。

pay calls 走亲访友，我们也可以说pay someone/something a visit/call，比如，We need to pay a call on Grandma and find out how her trip to Florida was.

4. be trivial to sb.

【句型模板】be trivial to sb.
【语义表述】Of little value or importance.
【句型操练】 You should keep in mind that personal information which may seem trivial to you may still be important to the person who has requested it.
【句型拓展】be+adj+to sb 对……而言，怎么样， 比如，
be helpful to sb 对某人有帮助

be beneficial to sb 对某人有益

be harmful to sb 对某人有害

be cruel to sb 对某人残忍

be valuable to sb 对某人有价值的

5. not necessarily

【句型模板】Not necessarily
【语义表述】If you reply “Not necessarily”, you mean that what has just been said or suggested may not be true.

【句型操练】'He was lying, of course.'—'Not necessarily.'
'So we're trapped.'—'Not necessarily.'

【句型拓展】如果你要 “事实并非如此” 比较通用的说法是 it's not the fact, it's not true, it's not what happened

比如，他说他很帅，可是事实并非如此
He said that he's handsome, but it's not the fact.
He said that he's handsome, but it's not true.

it's not what happened 比较适合用于解释刚刚发生的事情

比如 他说是别人先打他的，可是事实并非如此。
He said that someone hit him first, but it's not what happened.

6. make sb +n/adj.

视频中有make me middle-class, make you angry. Make＋宾语＋宾补

【句型模板】Make＋宾语＋宾补 make sb +n/adj.
【语义表述】在句子中,用来补充说明宾语的成分称为宾语补足语。形容词、动词不定式、名词、分词等经常充当宾语补足语。英语中有些及物动词接了宾语后,句子表达的意思还不是很完整,需要接宾语补足语来补充说明,以使句子意思表达完整明了。宾语和宾语补足语一起合称为“复合宾语”。
【句型拓展】让我们一起来学习“make+宾语+宾语补足语”的两种结构。

一、make+宾语+形容词

这种结构表示的意思为“使……处于某种状态”。宾语补足语用来修饰事物的性质或人所处的状态。常用表示情感的happy, sad, angry等或表示状态的,strong, nervous等充当宾补。

例如:The news made him very happy.这个消息使他非常高兴。

二、make+宾语+名词这种结构表示的意思为“使……成为……”,“让……当……”。

例如:The movie made her a star.
We made him our monitor.
我们选他当班长。

7. I know I do….

【句型模板】do代替实义动词避免重复
【句型操练】He plays better than he did （played）a year ago.
他的球比一年前打得好了。

She works harder than he does(works).
她工作比他努力。

Who won? I did(won).
谁赢了？我。

He has more friends than I do. 助动词帮助构成省略句整句应该是 than I have friends

—— Do you like Beijing? —你喜欢北京吗?
—— Yes,I do.—是的,喜欢.（do用作代动词，代替like Beijing）

8. prove+adj的用法

【句型模板】prove+adj.
【语义表述】系动词prove用作连系动词，意思是“原来是”、“结果是”、“证明是”， 后 常接形容词、名词、不定式或介词短语作表语， to be 常常省略。
【句型操练】The rumour proved (to be) false.
这个传闻原来是假的。

These methods have proved quite effective.
这些办法证明是很有成效的。

He proved (to be) an honest man.
后来证明他是一个诚实的人。

【句型拓展】英语中的系动词还有：

• 状态系动词：只有be一词.
• 持续系动词：表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, remain, stay, rest, lie, stand.如：
  He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。
  The door remained closed. 门仍然关着。
  He stayed single. 他仍然是单身。
• 表像系动词：表示“看起来好像”,主要有seem, appear, look等.如：
  He looks tired. 他看起来很累.
  He seems (to be) quite happy. 他好像很快活。
  He appeared quite well. 他显得身体相当好。
• 感官系动词：表示“……起来”,有feel(摸起来,感觉) ,smell(闻起来) ,sound(听起来) ,taste(尝起来,吃起来) 等.如：
  This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布摸起来很软。
  It sounds good idea. 听起来不错。
  This food tastes good. 这菜好吃。
• 变化系动词：表示主语变成什么样,主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run如：
  He became mad.他疯了.
  She had grown thinner and thinner. 她越来越瘦了。
  The milk will soon turn sour. 牛奶很快就会变酸。
  Several people fell ill. 几个人生病了。
  We get wiser as we get old.随着年岁的增长,我们也变得聪明些了.
  She went pale at the news.听到这消息,她脸色变得苍白.
• 终止系动词：主要有prove, turn out(结果是,证明是) 等.如：
  His story proved false. 他讲的情况原来是假的。
  My intuition turned out to be correct. 我的直觉证明是对的。

9. until

【句型出处】Women like me don’t have a life. We choose clothes and pay calls and work for charity and do the season, but really, we’re stuck in a waiting room until we marry.

until的用法

• prep. 介词 作介词的until 的英文解释是up to a specified time (直到某一时刻)或up to the time of a specified event (直到发生某事)。

用于肯定句中：
It may last until Friday.
这可能要延续到星期五。

He will be working until 5 o'clock. 他
将一直工作到 五点钟。

总结：until 用于肯定句中，表示句子的动作一直持续到 until短语所表示的时间为止，即表示动作的终点。一般可 译为“直到……时(为止)”或“在……以前”。在这种用法 中，句子的谓语动词必须是持续动词(非瞬间动词)，如 live, wait , last, love, like, stay, work, continue 等。

用于否定句中：
The secret was never told until after the old man's death.
这个秘密在老人去世后才说出来。

Don't open it until your birthday.
等到你过生日那天再打开。

总结：until用于否定句中，表示句子的动作直到until短语所表示的时间才开始发生，即表示动作的起点。一般译 为“直到……才”或“直到……之前(……还不)”。

• conj. 连词 作连词用的until的英文释义是up to the time when (直到……时为止)。

用于肯定句中：
Continue in this direction until you see a sign.
一直朝着这个方向走就会看见指示牌了。

He ran until he was breathless.
他一直跑到气喘吁吁才停下。

总结：作连词的until用于肯定句中，表示主句的动作一直持续到从句动作发生或状态出现时为止。一般可译为 “……直到……为止”。在这种用法中，主句的谓语动词也必须是持续动词。

用于否定句中：

I hadn't realized she was foreign until she spoke.
她不说话我还一直不知道她是个外国人。

I won't stop shouting until you let me go.
你不放我，我就一直喊叫。

总结：作连词的until用于否定句中,表示主句的动作在从句的动作发生之前尚未发生，或者说主句的动作在从句的动作发生之后才开始。一般可译为“直到……才”。

『 冷知识 』

英国至今仍然有carnival吗？

英国缤纷嘉年华最早起源于古埃及，后来成为古罗马农神节的庆祝活动。每年的12月17日—12月24日，古罗马广场农神庙内有由罗马皇帝主持的隆重的祭祀活动，祭祀罗马农神萨图尔努斯（Saturnus）。在此期间，一切工作与商业交易都暂停了，而奴隶也被给与短暂的自由做他们想做的事情。一些传统的道德规范也被放宽，人们也可以自由的交换节日礼物——这就是英国缤纷嘉年华的最早起源。

18世纪后，英国缤纷嘉年华被视为不可或缺的狂欢节日已经与当地文化相容。随着历史的发展，嘉年华如同中国的庙会一般，成为了欧洲的一个传统节庆形式。每到特定的日子，人们骑马或步行，去参加这个难得的盛典。

而现在的英国，你会发现嘉年华可能已经和各种主题展览结合在了一起。如果你去英国游玩，对于风土人情有兴趣，可以查看关键字county show， 你会发现有很多各具特色的活动比如畜牧业、农业展示并配合餐饮和娱乐，给你一个可以了解英国的窗口。

『 考察点 』

根据汉语意思，完成下面句子，每空一词：

吃太多使他生病了。
Eating too much __.

答案：made him ill.

『 视频脚本 』

MATTHEW CRAWLEY: Thought I’d have a go before I went home. How about you?

FAIR VENDOR: Thank you.

LADY MARY: Thank you.

MATTHEW CRAWLEY: Do you know if your father‟s doing anything this evening?

LADY MARY: He‟s not coming to the fair.

MATTHEW CRAWLEY: Seriously.

LADY MARY: Well, having dinner with his family.

MATTHEW CRAWLEY: Could I look in afterwards?

LADY MARY: May I ask why?

MATTHEW CRAWLEY: Your grandmother paid me a visit this afternoon and I‟m…well, never mind, but I—I would like to see him.

LADY MARY: Granny came to see you. Is it all part of The Great Matter? So, are you enjoying your new life?

MATTHEW CRAWLEY: Yes, I think so. I know my work seems very trivial to you.

LADY MARY: Not necessarily. Sometimes I rather envy you, having somewhere to go every morning.

MATTHEW CRAWLEY: I thought that made me very middle class?

LADY MARY: You should learn to forget what I say. I know I do.

MATTHEW CRAWLEY: How about you? Is your life proving satisfactory, apart from the Great Matter, of course?

LADY MARY: Women like me don‟t have a life. We choose clothes and pay calls and work for charity and do the season, but really, we’re stuck in a waiting room until we marry.

MATTHEW CRAWLEY: I've made you angry.

LADY MARY: My life makes me angry, not you.


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